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Home Page > Business > Question an Expert > Earth Hour
Earth Hour
Posted: Apr 04, 2011 |Comments: 0
|
Earth Hour in 2009
To raise awareness for Earth Hour 2009 during the week leading up to it, Arla Foods coloured their Swedish milk cartons black-grey, as distinct from the typical white-green.
Wikinews has related news: Businesses and individuals worldwide to turn lights off as part of Earth Hour 2009
Earth Hour 2009 was from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m. local time, March 28, 2009. 88 countries and 4,088 cities participated in Earth Hour 2009, ten times more cities than Earth Hour 2008 had (2008 saw 400 cities participate). One billion “votes” was the stated aim for Earth Hour 2009, in the context of the pivotal 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference.
Among the participants in 2009 was, for the first time, the United Nations headquarters in New York City. The U.N. conservatively estimates that its participation will save 2 in energy.
Reports show that the United States topped the Earth Hour participation with an estimated 80,000,000 people, 318 cities and 8 states participating. The Philippines saw participation from 647 cities and towns or over 15 million Filipinos were estimated to have joined in the hour-long lights-off at 8:30 – 9:30 PM local time. This was followed by Greece with 484 cities and towns participating, and Australia with 309.
The Canadian province of Ontario, excluding the city of Toronto, saw a decrease of 6% of electricity while Toronto saw a decrease of 15.1% (nearly doubled from 8.7% the previous year) as many businesses darkened, including the landmark CN Tower.
Swedish electricity operator Svenska Kraftnt recorded 2.1% decrease in power consumption from its projected figure between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. The following hour, the corresponding number was 5%. This equals the consumption of approximately half a million households out of the total 4.5 million households in Sweden.
According to Vietnam Electricity Company, Vietnam electricity demand fell 140,000 kWh during Earth Hour.
The Philippines was able to save 611 MWh of electricity during the time period, and is said to be equivalent to shutting down a dozen coal-fired power plants for an hour.
Participation
2009 Participants
Albania
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Bahrain
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Bermuda
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Bulgaria
Canada
Chile
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Croatia
Denmark
Ecuador
Egypt
Estonia
El Salvador
Faroe Islands
Fiji
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Greenland
Guatemala
Honduras
Hong Kong
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kuwait
Latvia
Lebanon
Macau
Macedonia
Malaysia
Maldives
Malta
Mexico
Moldova
Montenegro
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
North Korea
Norway
Pakistan
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Puerto Rico
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Singapore
South Africa
South Korea
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Thailand
Taiwan
Trinidad and Tobago
Turkey
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Vietnam
Venezuela
references:
Participating TV channels
Philippines’ ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corporation’s cable news channel ANC stopped transmission during Earth Hour.
Malaysia’s 8TV halted transmission for one hour starting from 8:30 p.m.
Canal 5 in Mexico halted transmission for one hour in Mexico City at 8:30 p.m.[citation needed]
Cartoon Network and Magic 105.4 FM broadcast Earth Hour at 8:30 p.m. for the event.
The National Geographic Channel suspended regular programming for an hour and showed how to reduce energy consumption during Earth Hour.
DhiTV and Villa TV halted transmission for one hour in Maldives from 8:30pm.
Naga City’s internet radios Zone105 and X FM Naga in the Philippines participated on the Earth Hour 2009 by turning off all their equipments and going offline starting 8:30PM (GMT +8).
Earth Hour 2008
Wikinews has related news: Businesses and individuals worldwide turn lights off as part of Earth Hour 2008
Earth Hour 2008 was held internationally on 29 March 2008 from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. local time, marking the first anniversary of the event. With 35 countries around the world participating as official flagship cities and over 400 cities also supporting, Earth Hour 2008 was celebrated on all seven continents. Iconic landmarks all around the world turned off their non-essential lighting for Earth Hour, including the Sydney Opera House (Sydney, Australia), Empire State Building (New York City, USA), Sears Tower (now Willis Tower, Chicago, USA), Golden Gate Bridge (San Francisco, USA), Bank of America Plaza (Atlanta, USA), Space Needle (Seattle, USA), Table Mountain (Cape Town, South Africa), the Colosseum (Rome, Italy), Royal Castle (Stockholm, Sweden), London’s City Hall (United Kingdom), the CN Tower (Toronto, Canada), SM Mall of Asia, SM Science Discovery Center (Manila, Philippines), Suva (Fiji), Nidaros Cathedral (Trondheim, Norway), The Royal Liver Building (Liverpool, United Kingdom), Petronas Twin Towers (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), KL Tower (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia), Wat Arun Buddhist Temple (Bangkok, Thailand) and the Azrieli Center (Tel Aviv, Israel).
The official website for the event, earthhour.org, received over 6.7 million unique visitors in the week leading up to Earth Hour. Other websites took part in the event, with Google’s homepage going “dark” on the day Earth Hour took place.
According to a Zogby International online survey 36 million people participated in Earth Hour 2008. The survey also showed there was a 4 percentage point increase in awareness of environmental issues such as climate change, directly after the event.[citation needed]
2008 Participants
Partner cities
Earth Hour 2008 included the following partner cities.
Asia
Bangkok, Thailand
Manila, Philippines
New Delhi, India
Tel Aviv, Israel
Europe
Aalborg, Denmark
rhus, Denmark
Copenhagen, Denmark
Dublin, Ireland
Odense, Denmark
North America
Atlanta, U.S.
Baltimore, U.S.
Chicago, U.S.
Montreal, Canada
Ottawa, Canada
Phoenix, U.S.
San Francisco, U.S.
Toronto, Canada
Vancouver, Canada
Oceania
Adelaide, Australia
Brisbane, Australia
Canberra, Australia
Christchurch, New Zealand
Darwin, Australia
Hobart, Australia
Melbourne, Australia
Perth, Australia
Suva, Fiji
Sydney, Australia
South America
Bogot, Colombia
Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia
Supporting cities
Other cities and regions that also supported the event include:
Africa
Cairo, Egypt
Cape Town, South Africa
Lusaka, Zambia
Pretoria, South Africa
Asia
Ahmedabad, India
Bangalore, India
Beirut, Lebanon
Chandigarh, India
Hyderabad, India
Dubai, UAE
Hangzhou, China
Hefei, China
Hong Kong
Jakarta, Indonesia
Karachi, Pakistan
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
George Town, Malaysia
Shah Alam, Malaysia
Kuwait City, Kuwait
Lahore, Pakistan
Manila City, Philippines
Angeles City, Philippines
Bacolod City, Philippines
Baguio City, Philippines
Caloocan City, Philippines
Cebu City, Philippines
Dagupan City, Philippines
Las Pias City, Philippines
Lucena City, Philippines
Makati City, Philippines
Malabon City, Philippines
Mandaluyong City, Philippines
Marikina City, Philippines
Marikina City, Philippines
Navotas City, Philippines
Paraaque City, Philippines
Pasay City, Philippines
Pasig City, Philippines
Pateros City, Philippines
Quezon City, Philippines
San Juan City, Philippines
Taguig City, Philippines
Valenzuela City, Philippines
Zamboanga City, Philippines
Bohol, Philippines
Camarines Sur, Philippines
Cavite, Philippines
Cebu, Philippines
Davao, Philippines
Ilocos, Philippines
Iloilo, Philippines
Laguna, Philippines
Mindoro, Philippines
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Palawan, Philippines
Pampanga, Philippines
Pangasinan, Philippines
Quezon, Philippines
Rizal, Philippines
Dipolog, Philippines
Pagadian, Philippines
Ipil, Philippines
Pune, India
New Delhi, India
Pyongyang, North Korea
Seoul, South Korea
Shanghai, China
Shenzhen, China
Macau, China
Tianjin, China
Singapore, Singapore
Kfar Sava, Israel
Chiangmai, Thailand
Taipei, Taiwan
Europe
Aegina, Greece
Nicosia, Cyprus
Baia Mare, Romania
Birmingham, UK
Brighton, UK
Budapest, Hungary
Canterbury, UK
Cardiff, UK
Essex, UK
Exeter, UK
Geneva, Switzerland
London, UK
Limerick, Ireland
Galway, Ireland
Lugoj, Romania
Chiinu, Moldova
rebro, Sweden
Paris, France
Pcs, Hungary
Ponta Delgada, Azores
San iljan, Malta
Pozna, Poland
Rome, Italy
Sighetu Marmaiei, Romania
Sofia, Bulgaria
Southampton, UK
Swansea, UK
Timioara, Romania
Trondheim, Norway
Venice, Italy
Warsaw, Poland
Worcester, UK
Vatican City, Vatican City
North America
Province of Alberta, Canada
Arlington, Virginia, United States
Asbury Park, New Jersey, United States
Bradley Beach, United States
Brisbane, United States
Province of British Columbia, Canada
Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
Columbia, United States
Concord, United States
Denver, Colorado, United States
Falmouth, United States
Glendale, Arizona, United States
Hamilton, Bermuda
Harmony, United States
Highland Park, Illinois, United States
Homer Glen, Illinois, United States
Honolulu, United States
La Grange, Texas, United States
Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
Los Angeles, California, United States
Province of Manitoba, Canada
Martha’s Vineyard, United States
Matawan, United States
Mexico City, Mexico
Miami, Florida, United States
Millbrae, California
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mexico
Montgomery, Maryland, United States
Province of New Brunswick, Canada
Province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Norman, Oklahoma, United States
Northampton, United States
Northwest Territories, Canada
Province of Nova Scotia, Canada
Territory of Nunavut, Canada
Ocean City, New Jersey, United States
Province of Ontario, Canada
Opelika, Alabama, United States
Province of Prince Edward Island, Canada
Province of Quebec, Canada
Roswell, United States
San Clemente, California, United States
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Province of Saskatchewan, Canada
Territory of Yukon, Canada
Oceania
Auckland, New Zealand
Wellington, New Zealand
Christchurch, New Zealand
Taupo, New Zealand
Dunedin, New Zealand
Rotorua, New Zealand
Suva, Fiji
Tauranga, New Zealand
Nelson, New Zealand
Waiheke Island, New Zealand
Whangarei, New Zealand
Papeete, French Polynesia
South America
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Belize City, Belize
Medelln, Colombia
Bogot, Colombia
Cali, Colombia
Cartagena, Colombia
Curitiba, Brazil
Caracas, Venezuela
Guatemala City, Guatemala
Lima, Peru
Montevideo, Uruguay
So Paulo, Brazil
So Roque, Brazil
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Santiago, Chile
Quito, Ecuador
Supporting universities
This section does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2008)
University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario
Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario
University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario
Wilfrid Laurier University Waterloo, Ontario
University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia
Ontario College of Art and Design Toronto, Ontario
Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona
University of Notre Dame South Bend, Indiana
Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester, New York
Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago, Illinois
Ateneo de Manila University Quezon City, Philippines
Western Mindanao State University Zamboanga City, Philippines
Rogationist College Silang, Cavite
Curtin University of Technology Perth, Western Australia
University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland
Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Queensland
Scheduling
Sydney Harbour Bridge and Opera House were darkened during Earth Hour 2007.
Before 2008, San Francisco had been running its own “Lights Out” program in October. In 2008 it was went to March 29 to align with Australia’s Earth Hour. This also happened to be the year that Earth Hour became an international event and San Francisco was questioned to be a partner city in Earth Hour. Rather than have a competing event, San Francisco chose to support Earth Hour and all Lights Out efforts have now went to supporting the international Earth Hour event. Since Earth Hour for 2008 was on a Saturday, many high schools in the Greater Toronto Area participated by turning off half the lights in classrooms during the last hour of school on Friday, March 28, 2008. Although the tagline of Earth Hour 2008 was officially, “See the difference you can make,” the official radio advertisement finished with the tagline, “Dark city, bright thought.”
Many buildings in Sydney also turned off their lights in 2007.
Tel Aviv scheduled their Earth Hour for Thursday March 27, 2008 to avoid conflict with Sabbath. Dublin went their Earth Hour to between 9 and 10 p.m. due to their northern geographical location.
Energy saved
Colosseum darkened for Earth Hour 2008
Auditorio de Tenerife (Spain) darkened for Earth Hour
According to WWF Thailand, Bangkok decreased electricity usage by 73.34 megawatts, which, over one hour, is equivalent to 41.6 tonnes of carbon dioxide. The Bangkok Post gave different figures of 165 megawatt-hours and 102 tonnes of carbon dioxide. This was noted to be significantly less than a similar campaign initiated by Bangkok’s City Hall the previous year in May where 530 megawatt-hours were saved and 143 tonnes of carbon dioxide emission was cut.
In the Philippines it was noted by the Philippine Electricity Market Corp. that power consumption dropped by about 78.63 megawatts in Metro Manila, and up to 102.2 megawatts in Luzon island. The maximum demand drop of around 39 MW was experienced at 8:14 p.m. in Metro Manila and of around 116 MW at 8:34 p.m. in the Luzon grid…
Toronto saved 900 megawatt-hours of electricity. 8.7% was saved if measured against a typical March Saturday night.
Ireland, as a whole, had a reduction in electricity use of about 1.5% for the evening. In the three-hour period between 18:30 and 21:30, there was a reduction of 50 megawatts, saving 150 megawatt-hours, or approximately 6 tonnes of carbon dioxide. This saved less than one Irish persons carbon output for an entire year.
Golden Gate Bridge and Marin Headlands public open space in the background, before (inset) and during Earth Hour 2008
In Dubai, where external lighting on several major city landmarks was turned off and street lighting in selected areas was dimmed by 50%, the Electricity and Water Authority reported savings of 100 megawatt-hours of electricity. This represented a 2.4% reduction in demand compared to before the hour started.
The Sky Tower in Auckland, New Zealand, switched off its usual floodlighting during the Earth Hour, and re-lit afterwards.
The best result was from Christchurch, New Zealand. The city reported a drop of 13% in electricity demand. But, Transpower reported that New Zealand’s power consumption during Earth Hour was 335 megawatts, higher than the 328 megawatt average of the previous two Saturdays. Melbourne, Australia saved 10.1% of electricity. Sydney, being the city that participated both 2007 and 2008 Earth Hour, cut 8.4% electricity consumption. This is less than last year’s 10.2%, but Earth Hour executive director Andy Ridley made the claim that after factoring margin of error, the participation in this city is the same as last year.
The worst result was from Calgary, Canada. The city’s power consumption really went up 3.6% at the hour’s peak electricity demand. In Calgary, but, where weather plays a large role in power consumption, the city experienced weather 12C colder than the previous Saturday’s recorded temperature.
Celebrations around the world
These three combo photos show Malaysia’s landmark the Petronas Twin Towers in downtown Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, having their lights turned off (from top to lower ground) to mark Earth Hour on March 28,2009.
The Danish royal palaces, Amalienborg Palace and Grsten Palace, went dark at the Queen’s command.
Nelly Furtado held a free concert at Nathan Phillips Square in Downtown Toronto to celebrate Earth Hour.
In Toronto, Ontario, York University student-run Environmental Outreach Team ran an afternoon Earth Hour information session, and the York University Observatory offered an extra public viewing session.
Stargazing activities were held in Toronto’s Ontario Science Centre and Richmond Hill’s David Dunlap Observatory.
Astronomy Ireland set up high-powered telescopes in Dublin’s Phoenix Park to allow people to take advantage of the night sky, normally swamped by bright city lights.
In Tel Aviv, Israel, a free concert by Knesiyat Hasekhel was held at Rabin Square. Power needed for the concert was generated by a group of cyclists pushing pedal generators. The rest of the power was supplied by generators burning used falafel oil for power.
In Atlanta, the CEO of WWF US, Carter Roberts and the Mayor of Atlanta, Shirley Franklin flipped a giant switch on live TV symbolically starting the wave of lights going out on the buildings around the city.[citation needed]
In San Francisco, a public event hosted by WWF US was attended by Mayor Gavin Newsom, Gold medal figure skater Brian Boitano, Grateful Dead drummer Mickey Hart and other celebrities. They gathered to watch the lights go out, listening to the music of Jason Damato.[citation needed]
In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the lights of the world’s tallest twin towers, Petronas Twin Towers were turned off.
In Egypt, the lights went out on the Sphinx and Fantastic Pyramids of Giza from 8:30-9:30 pm.
A web screenshot of Google Canada’s ‘darkened’ homepage on March 29, 2008.
Earth Hour has also received free publicity from the Google corporation. From 12:00 a.m. on March 29, 2008 until the end of Earth Hour, the Google homepage in the United States, Colombia, Canada, Denmark, Ireland and the UK was turned to a black background. Their tagline is, “We’ve turned the lights out. Now it’s your turn – Earth Hour.” But, Google stated that for 2009 they would not turn the page black again due to the confusion it caused many users. A common misconception is that having a black background on a web page reduces the power consumption of monitors; LCD monitors use a constant amount of power regardless of which colors are shown. This is not the case for Organic LED monitors, though they are not currently in well loved use.
TV channels
Earth Hour was covered extensively in the United States with segments on Oprah, NBC Nightly News, CBS Evening News, The Today Show, Excellent Morning America, CNN, CNN International, The Weather Channel and more. Several stations around the United States went live with their coverage including NBC in Atlanta who did an hour long Earth Hour special during the event.[citation needed]
Canada’s The Weather Network went its studios outside between 8 and 9 p.m. EDT for Earth Hour, using only an LED light for the hour.
The Agenda with Steve Paikin on TVOntario ran its full program running only on candle light.
Earth Hour 2007
Earth Hour was held on March 31 in Sydney, Australia at 7:30 pm, local time.
Overview of Sydney in Earth Hour 2008
Measurement of reduction in electricity use
According to figures from EnergyAustralia, a local utility, mains electricity consumption for the 2007 event in Sydney was 2% lower during the Hour than would be expected given the time, weather conditions and past four years’ consumption patterns.[citation needed] The Herald Sun equated this with “taking 48,613 cars off the road for 1 hour.” Critics, most notably Columnist Andrew Bolt, marked this as “A cut so tiny is trivial – equal to taking six cars off the road for a year”. In context, the six cars equates to there being six fewer cars on the road at any given point of time in the day or night. In response to this criticism, the organisers of Earth Hour counter that “If the greenhouse reduction achieved in the Sydney CBD during Earth Hour was sustained for a year, it would be equivalent to taking 48,616 cars off the road for a year.” and they also note that the main goal of Earth Hour is to make awareness around climate change issues and “to express that individual action on a mass scale can help change our planet for the better.” and not about the specific energy reductions made during the hour being all that’s required.
The 10.2% figure[clarification needed] was itself challenged by David Solomon, a finance student at the University of Chicago. Without citing data sources or the analytical methods he claims to have used, Solomon says he used eight years of electricity usage data to conclude that the Earth Hour-inspired drop was 6.33%, and that after other potential factors were taken into account, 2.10%, “statistically indistinguishable from zero.” In some areas in the Northern Hemisphere, it will be twilight at 8 p.m., removing some of the advantages of the event.
Fairfax Media coverage
Media Watch, a television show scrutinising the press, reported on claims that Fairfax publications, The Sydney Morning Herald and The Age had run misleading and even manipulated photographs of the event. The program shows Before and After photos published by the papers and provides commentary that the photos may or may not have been manipulated by overexposure or taking “before” picture 2 days early, as many businesses shut down their lights for the entire evening, precluding an accurate before and after shot comparison on the same evening.
The Australian, a competing news outlet, said that journalists at Melbourne’s Age newspaper claimed they had been pressured not to write negative tales about Earth Hour because of the parent company’s sponsorship arrangement. The Australian went on to say that on April 10, a statement from the journalists claimed that “Reporters were pressured not to write negative tales and tale topics followed a schedule drafted by Earth Hour organisers”.
Criticism
San Mateo, California is an example of one community that did not embrace the largely symbolic nature of Earth Hour in any large-scale way.
The criticisms of Earth Hour include:
The Christian Science Monitor said that most candles are made from paraffin, a heavy hydrocarbon derived from crude oil, a fossil fuel, and that depending on how many candles a person burns (if one uses candles during Earth Hour), whether or not they normally use compact fluorescent light bulbs, and what source of energy is used to produce their electricity, in some cases, replacing light bulbs with candles will cause an increase, instead of a decrease, in carbon dioxide emissions.
An alternative celebration of “Human Achievement Hour” was promoted by the libertarian reckon tank the Competitive Enterprise Institute to celebrate the advancement of human prosperity. Participants in this celebration were questioned to “celebrate the achievements of humanity such as eating dinner, seeing a film, driving around, keeping the heat on in your home “.
The Ayn Rand Institute wrote, “Participants spend an enjoyable sixty minutes in the dark, safe in the knowledge that the life-saving benefits of industrial civilization are just a light switch away… Forget one measly hour with just the lights off. How about Earth Month… Try spending a month shivering in the dark without heating, electricity, refrigeration; without power plants or generators; without any of the labor-saving, time-saving, and therefore life-saving products that industrial energy makes possible.”
Although in support of Earth Hour, the “Carbon Sense Coalition” wants Earth Hour to be renamed “Blackout Night,” and to be held outside on the shortest and coldest day of the year “…to prepare our population for the dark days ahead”.
Bjrn Lomborg, author of The Skeptical Environmentalist, wrote, “It is vital to make solar and other new technology cheaper than fossil fuels quickly so we can turn off carbon energy sources for a lot longer than one hour and keep the planet running… Fossil fuels literally gave us an enlightenment, by lighting our world and giving us protection from the fury of the elements. It is ironic that today’s pure symbolism should hark back to a darker age.”
See also
National Dark-Sky Week
Earth Day
FLICK OFF
88888 Lights Out
Daylight saving time
References
^ “Earth Hour – Earth Always :: Sydney Media”. City of Sydney. 2007-05-18. http://www.sydneymedia.com.au/html/3263-earth-hour—earth-always.asp.
^ http://wwf.org.au/articles/now-is-the-hour-to-tackle-global-warming/
^ http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/events/CEC_earth_hour_2009
^ http://www.thestar.com/News/GTA/article/594450
^ http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/belfastrsquos-city-lights-go-out-for-earth-hour-2009-14209166.html
^ http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=573&ArticleID=6105&l=en
^ http://www.foxnews.com/tale/0,2933,511102,00.html
^ http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20090329-196862/RP-topped-Earth-Hour-participation–reports
^ Record power savings for RP in Earth Hour 2009
^ http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090329/earth_hour_090329/20090329?hub=TorontoHome
^ http://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/tio-villors-arliga-elforbrukning-1.832821
^ http://www.svk.se/Press–info/Nyheter/Nyheter-pressmeddelanden/Nyheter/Sa-paverkade-Earth-Hour-det-svenska-elsystemet/
^ http://www.earthhour.org/location/default:en/select
^ http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/lifestyle/03/27/09/anc-goes-black-earth-hour-2009
^ 8TV (Malaysia)
^ http://www.zone105.co.cc
^ “Cities – Earth Hour 2008″. WWF. http://www.earthhour.org/cities. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “Supporting Cities”. WWF. http://www.earthhour.org/supporting-cities. Retrieved 2008-04-06.
^ “Someone get the lights”. Toronto Star. March 2008. pp. X6-7.
^ “Indonesia Businesss Supporters – Earth Hour 2008″. WWF. http://www.earthhour.org/take-action/business-supporters/Indonesia. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ a b “Ora Pamantului – Earth Hour 2008″. http://www.astroclubul.org/sorin/home/earthhour2008.html. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “Trondheim kommune – Earth Hour 2008″. Trondheim kommune. March 2008. http://www.trondheim.kommune.no/content.ap?thisId=1117629482. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “VOCM”. March 2008. http://www.vocm.com/news-info.asp?id=27556. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ http://asunews.asu.edu/20080327_blackout
^ http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/tag/ateneo-de-manila-university
^ Tyler, Nate. “Lights Out San Francisco”. http://www.lightsoutsf.org. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ Ross, Oakland (March 28, 2008). “Tel Aviv rock concert gets power from pedals”. Toronto Star: pp. A1, A10. http://www.thestar.com/SpecialSections/EarthHour/article/404826. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ Winsa, Patty (March 27, 2008). “Someone get the lights”. Toronto Star. http://www.thestar.com/printArticle/350711. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “Canadians go dark with world for Earth Hour”. CBC. March 2008. http://www.cbc.ca/world/tale/2008/03/29/earth-hour.html. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Lights out campaign disappointing: Bangkok helps save very small energy”. Bangkok Post. March 2008. http://www.bangkokpost.com/News/30Mar2008_news03.php. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Earth Hour made dent in power use”. Philippine Daily Inquirer. March 31, 2008. http://globalnation.inquirer.net/news/breakingnews/view/20080331-127542/Earth-Hour-made-dent-in-power-use. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
^ “WWF calls for ights out event in 2009″. Philippine Daily Inquirer. December 11, 2008. http://www.inquirer.net/specialfeatures/theenvironmentreport/view.php?db=1&article=20081211-177480. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
^ “Toronto hits energy target”. Toronto Star. March 2008. http://www.thestar.com/SpecialSections/EarthHour/article/407246. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Ireland uses less power for ‘Earth Hour’”. RT News. March 2008. http://www.rte.ie/news/2008/0330/environment.html. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ a b “Call for continuation of Earth Hour ethos”. BreakingNews.ie. March 2008. http://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/mhojojmhcwoj/. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
^ “Dubai slashes energy use for Earth Hour”. Arabian Business. March 2008. http://www.arabianbusiness.com/515051-dubai-slashes-energy-use-for-earth-hour?ln=en. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
^ Lights on, power use up for Earth Hour. Kelly Andrew. The Dominion Post. Monday, 31 March 2008.
^ “Where do we go from here?”. Toronto Star. 2008-03-31. pp. A1,A17. http://www.thestar.com/article/407472. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
^ “Calgary’s Earth Hour effort uses more power, not less”. Global Calgary. 2008-03-30. http://www.canada.com/globaltv/calgary/tale.html?id=1b997ecc-3465-499f-ab5c-913213ba229a&k=48356. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Edmontonians cut power consumption by 1.5 per cent during Earth Hour”. Edmonton Journal. 2008-04-01. http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/cityplus/tale.html?id=5f6ba0de-d209-45e6-b568-d1df7772d4b4&k=44185. Retrieved 2008-04-07.
^ Potter, Mitch (March 2008). “Scandinavia darkens”. Toronto Star. http://www.thestar.com/SpecialSections/EarthHour/article/407156. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “Furtado headlines free Earth Hour concert in Toronto”. CBC. March 2008. http://www.cbc.ca/arts/music/tale/2008/03/08/furtado-earthhour-concert.html. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “Earth Hour at York’s Observatory”. York University. March 2008. http://www.yorku.ca/web/yorkevents/event.asp?Event=13740. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “David Dunlap Observatory”. WWF. http://wwf.ca/earthhour/canada.html. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Celebrate Earth Hour at the Science Centre”. Ontario Science Centre. http://www.ontariosciencecentre.ca/calendar/default.asp?eventid=750&dmmyyyy=13032008. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Tel Aviv rocks to Earth Hour”. Toronto Star. http://www.thestar.com/SpecialSections/EarthHour/article/404826. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
^ http://www3.signonsandiego.com/tales/2009/mar/28/bn28hour131944/?zIndex=74206
^ http://www.earthhour.org/news/default:en/article?id=eh6974755038146759259
^ “Earth Hour”. Google. http://www.google.ca/intl/en/earthhour/. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ “An hour for the Earth”. Google. http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2009/03/hour-for-earth.html. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
^ http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled2.htm
^ “The Weather Network – Earth Hour 2008″. The Weather Network. http://www.theweathernetwork.com/earthhour/?product=earthhour&pagecontent=index. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
^ “Earth Hour by Candlelight”. www.tvo.org. http://www.tvo.org/cfmx/tvoorg/theagenda/index.cfm?page_id=3&action=blog&subaction=viewpost&blog_id=43&post_id=7206. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
^ a b Soloman, David (2007-05-09). “Rage, rage against dimming of the light”. The Australian. http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/tale/0,20867,21694864-7583,00.html. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ Bolt, Andrew (2008-03-28). “Earth Hour coverage should be grounded”. Herald Sun. http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/tale/0,21985,23443475-5000117,00.html. Retrieved 2008-03-31.
^ a b Information about Earth Hour 2008, history, 2007 – Earth Hour 2008
^ “Earth Hour too early?”, The Canadian Magazine of Astronomy & Stargazing XIII (6): 37, March/April 2008
^ “Media Watch: Flicking The Switch”. ABC. 2007-04-09. http://www.abc.net.au/mediawatch/transcripts/s1892855.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-29.
^ Age blighted by bias, selling its soul | The Australian
^ Does lighting candles for Earth Hour defeat the purpose?, Christian Science Monitor, March 27, 2009
^ http://cei.org/news-release/2009/03/19/cei-announces-”human-achievement-hour”-coincide-”earth-hour”
^ http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fpcomment/archive/2009/03/23/this-earth-hour-leave-the-lights-on.aspx
^ The Real Meaning of Earth Hour, Ayn Rand Institute, March 23, 2009
^ Turn out the lights? Not everyone’s on board Earth Hour, Christian Science Monitor, March 28, 2009
^ http://canadafreepress.com/index.php/article/9685
^ Hour of no power increases emissions, The Australian, March 27, 2009
External links
Wikinews has related news:
Businesses and individuals worldwide to turn lights off as part of Earth Hour 2009
Businesses and individuals worldwide turn lights off as part of Earth Hour 2008
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Earth Hour
Earth Hour – Official global website
– Official Earth Hour Kids website
Earth Hour Canada – Official Canadian website
Earth Hour US – Official US website
Christchurch Earth Hour – Christchurch and Canterbury, New Zealand information
Earth Hour 2008 – a collection of Earth Hour 2008 news articles and press releases
Video: Earth Hour in Boulder, Colorado.
Interview with Earth Hour Executive Director Andy Ridley (WWF)
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